We’ve had our first snow of the season, and a couple of our nights have been downright cold.

Despite their fur coats, animals left out in the cold often suffer from frostbite and even death caused by falling temperatures and extreme weather.

Many pets do live inside. Animals are just like people in that they need shelter from the harsh elements of weather.

In many families, dogs do live outside, and that’s fine as long as they have shelter outside from the bad weather. A special doghouse is good; access to a garage is fine, as long as there are no dangers for the dog to find. A bed inside of the doghouse or garage would be especially welcome.

When a dog’s internal temperature drops below 96 degrees F (by being exposed to cold weather for long periods, or getting both wet and cold), there is a serious risk to the dog’s safety. For small and short-haired dogs, a sweater is a good idea for walks during cold winter weather. Any sign that a dog is very cold &045; such as shivering &045; should signal the owner to bring the dog indoors immediately.

Wherever your pet lives, make sure there is nothing he can get into that might be dangerous. Dogs are very curious and will get into corners to find interesting things. They will chew containers that may contain harmful chemicals. If ingested, anti-freeze (ethylene glycol) is often lethal &045; even in very small quantities. Because many dogs and cats like its sweet taste, there are many animal fatalities each year from animals drinking anti-freeze.

Poisoning from anti-freeze is considered a serious medical emergency which must be treated by a qualified veterinarian immediately. Fortunately, the Sierra company now offers a far less toxic form of anti-freeze.

Ice-melting chemicals and salt placed across sidewalks and roads can cause severe burning to your dog’s footpads. Whenever possible, avoid walking your dog through these substances, and wash off his footpads when you return home.

There are also products available which can be applied to your dog’s footpads prior to going outside that may help reduce the pain that is often caused by road salt and chemicals.

And don’t forget tinsel and other Christmas ornaments. When ingested by a dog (or cat), tinsel may cause obstruction of the intestines, and the tinsel’s sharp edges can even cut the intestines. Symptoms may include: decreased appetite, vomiting, diarrhea, listlessness and weight loss. Treatment usually requires surgery.

Our pets are members of our families. Be sure you treat them as such this winter.